Sectoral patterns of collaborative tie formation: investigating geographic, cognitive, and technological dimensions

Abstract The literature on sectoral systems of innovation evidences the crucial importance specificities in innovation. Also, proximity framework enables exploration and analysis how various actors establish collaborative ties. However, there has not yet been much cross-fertilization between First, we conceptually integrate into studies by underlining differences commonalities across sectors. Second, use a dataset research development (R&D) projects subsidized Research Council Norway (RCN) 2005 2016 to analyze impact geographical cognitive proximities tie formation four Norwegian sectors (biotech, oil gas, marine, maritime). results indicate that colocation large cities are positively related creation ties all Yet, joint effects vary seem be correlated with complexity sector-specific technologies.